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Demography
| 1.3 | < Social characteristics |
| 1.4 |
New Zealand
Deprivation Index (NZDep06)
NZDep06 is a census based small area index of deprivation, with a relative deprivation score assigned to each meshblock in New Zealand. It combines nine variables from the 2006 census reflecting eight dimensions of deprivation. Meshblocks are geographical units defined by Statistics New Zealand, containing a median of approximately 87 people in 2006. The variables that make up NZDep06 are listed in order of importance in the table below. Table 1.17 NZDep06 variables
*Equivalisation: methods used to control for household composition. The deprivation index applies to areas, not individual people, and is therefore useful in illustrating the neighbourhood effect, as well as combining variables affecting socio-economic status. The area index is also used as a proxy for individual socio-economic status when individual level data for income, education and occupation are not available. However, caution must be exercised as heterogeneity within meshblocks, and certainly within census area units, means that any socio-economic gradient present will be under-estimated. Not everyone living in a poor area will be poor themselves, and living in a wealthy area does not automatically mean a person is wealthy. The NZ Deprivation index is often analysed by decile, where decile 1 represents the 10% of meshblocks least deprived in NZ and decile 10 the most deprived. Figure 1.9 shows the NZDep06 deciles for each locality. Three main patterns are evident
Significant sorting of the population by socio-economic status appears to occur at the suburb level within Manukau City. Table 1.18 CMDHB 2006 NZDep06 deciles 9 and 10 by area
Health inequalities are particularly evident at the higher ends of the deprivation scale. A summary measure of an area’s deprivation is then the % of the population living in decile 9 and 10 deprivation meshblocks. Overall 34% of CMDHB’s population live in NZDep06 decile 9 and 10 areas (Table 1.18). Otara (74%) and Mangere (70%) have extraordinarily high rates of deprivation, and Manurewa has more than half its population living in decile 9/10 areas. Children are more likely to live in high deprivation areas - 43% overall compared with 33% for adults and 24% for older people (aged 65+). Nearly three-quarters of the Pacific and more than half the Maori population live in high deprivation areas, compared to 21% for Asian and 17% for other ethnic groups. Looking at it from a different angle, of all people living in decile 9 and 10 areas in CMDHB, 29% live in Manurewa (Table 1.19). The areas with the highest proportions follow next, Mangere at 26% and Otara 18%. More of the high deprivation Maori population live in Manurewa (36%) and Papakura (19%) than Mangere (16%) or Otara (14%). For Pacific high deprivation more than a third live in Mangere (36%), followed by Otara (27%) and Manurewa (23%). Table 1.19 Population proportions in 2006 for CMDHB's NZDep06 deciles 9 and 10 by area
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| 1.5 | Future population growth > |
Published: 29-Sep-2008 | Website queries: Web Content Manager